Does My State Use the IE or YE Model?

Two assessment models are available for states to choose from — Instructionally Embedded (IE) and Year-End (YE). A brief description of both models, as well as information for states assessing in science can be found below the table. The assessment is made up of a set of short assessments called testlets regardless of model or subject. Each state determines their model, as well as which subjects and grade levels will be assessed.

To access detailed instructions and assessment resources tailored to your program, select your state from the list below.
 

DLM state participation by model – Updated June 2025

Instructionally Embedded (IE) Model

The IE model has two assessment windows, fall and spring. Educators have some choice as to which English language arts (ELA) and mathematics Essential Elements are taught and assessed. Scores for accountability are based on students’ cumulative ELA and mathematics assessment results throughout the year.

Year-End (YE) Model

The YE model has one spring assessment window. All students in a particular grade are assessed on the same ELA and mathematics Essential Elements. The Kite system delivers testlets one at a time and adapts the linkage level of each testlet based on the student's performance on the previous testlet. Additionally, educators have the option to use instructionally embedded assessments prior to the spring assessment. However, scores used for accountability are based only on the spring assessment.

Science Assessments

Most states opt to assess science in addition to ELA and mathematics.  For both the IE and YE model, science assessments are only required in the spring.  All students in a particular grade-band are assessed on the same science Essential Elements. The Kite system delivers testlets one at a time and adapts the linkage level of each testlet based on the student's performance on the previous testlet. Additionally, educators have the option to use instructionally embedded assessments prior to the spring assessment. However, scores used for accountability are based only on the spring assessment.